Question 1
Which of the following is the most common idiopathic interstitial pneumonia?
Options:
A. Non-Specific Interstitial Pneumonia (NSIP)
B. Cryptogenic Organizing Pneumonia (COP)
C. Usual Interstitial Pneumonia (UIP)
D. Desquamative Interstitial Pneumonia (DIP)
Correct Answer:
C. Usual Interstitial Pneumonia (UIP)
Explanation:
UIP is the most common idiopathic interstitial pneumonia and is strongly associated with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF).
Reference:
- Radiopaedia: Usual Interstitial Pneumonia
“UIP is the most common form of idiopathic interstitial pneumonia and the hallmark pattern of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.”
Question 2
Which interstitial lung disease is strongly associated with smoking?
Options:
A. Desquamative Interstitial Pneumonia (DIP)
B. Non-Specific Interstitial Pneumonia (NSIP)
C. Lymphoid Interstitial Pneumonia (LIP)
D. Cryptogenic Organizing Pneumonia (COP)
Correct Answer:
A. Desquamative Interstitial Pneumonia (DIP)
Explanation:
DIP is characterized by widespread accumulation of macrophages in alveoli and is strongly associated with smoking.
Reference:
- Radiopaedia: Desquamative Interstitial Pneumonia
“DIP is strongly associated with smoking and is characterized by alveolar macrophage accumulation.”
Question 3
Which subtype of interstitial pneumonia is most often linked to autoimmune diseases?
Options:
A. Usual Interstitial Pneumonia (UIP)
B. Non-Specific Interstitial Pneumonia (NSIP)
C. Cryptogenic Organizing Pneumonia (COP)
D. Acute Interstitial Pneumonia (AIP)
Correct Answer:
B. Non-Specific Interstitial Pneumonia (NSIP)
Explanation:
NSIP is often associated with connective tissue diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis, systemic sclerosis, and polymyositis/dermatomyositis.
Reference:
- Radiopaedia: Non-Specific Interstitial Pneumonia
“NSIP is frequently associated with connective tissue diseases and autoimmune conditions.”
Question 4
Which radiologic feature is characteristic of advanced fibrosis in ILD?
Options:
A. Ground-glass opacities
B. Reticular abnormalities
C. Honeycombing
D. Traction bronchiectasis
Correct Answer:
C. Honeycombing
Explanation:
Honeycombing refers to clustered cystic air spaces in the periphery and is a hallmark of advanced fibrosis in ILD.
Reference:
- Radiopaedia: Honeycombing
“Honeycombing is a key feature of advanced pulmonary fibrosis, seen as clustered cystic air spaces.”
Question 5
What is the typical distribution of usual interstitial pneumonia (UIP) on high-resolution CT?
Options:
A. Apical and central
B. Basal and subpleural
C. Diffuse
D. Perihilar
Correct Answer:
B. Basal and subpleural
Explanation:
UIP typically presents with a basal and subpleural distribution on high-resolution CT, often with reticular abnormalities and honeycombing.
Reference:
- Radiopaedia: Usual Interstitial Pneumonia
“UIP commonly exhibits a basal and subpleural distribution with reticular changes and honeycombing.”
Question 6
Which occupational exposure is associated with the development of asbestosis?
Options:
A. Coal dust
B. Silica
C. Asbestos
D. Organic antigens
Correct Answer:
C. Asbestos
Explanation:
Asbestosis results from prolonged exposure to asbestos fibers, leading to interstitial fibrosis.
Reference:
- Radiopaedia: Asbestosis
“Asbestosis is caused by prolonged inhalation of asbestos fibers, leading to diffuse pulmonary fibrosis.”
Question 7
Which of the following medications is a common cause of drug-induced ILD?
Options:
A. Methotrexate
B. Amoxicillin
C. Acetaminophen
D. Omeprazole
Correct Answer:
A. Methotrexate
Explanation:
Methotrexate, commonly used in the treatment of autoimmune diseases, is a well-known cause of drug-induced ILD.
Reference:
- Radiopaedia: Drug-Induced Lung Disease
“Methotrexate is a recognized cause of drug-induced interstitial lung disease.”
Question 8
Which infection is commonly associated with interstitial lung disease in immunocompromised patients?
Options:
A. Tuberculosis
B. Pneumocystis pneumonia
C. Streptococcal pneumonia
D. Aspergillosis
Correct Answer:
B. Pneumocystis pneumonia
Explanation:
Pneumocystis pneumonia frequently causes interstitial lung involvement in immunocompromised individuals, presenting with diffuse ground-glass opacities.
Reference:
- Radiopaedia: Pneumocystis Pneumonia
“Pneumocystis pneumonia is a common cause of interstitial changes in immunocompromised patients.”
Question 9
Which radiologic finding is characteristic of hypersensitivity pneumonitis?
Options:
A. Centrilobular nodules
B. Honeycombing
C. Pleural effusion
D. Mediastinal adenopathy
Correct Answer:
A. Centrilobular nodules
Explanation:
Centrilobular nodules are a hallmark of hypersensitivity pneumonitis and represent inflammatory changes in the lung parenchyma due to inhaled organic antigens.
Reference:
- Radiopaedia: Hypersensitivity Pneumonitis
“Centrilobular nodules and ground-glass opacities are typical findings in hypersensitivity pneumonitis.”
Question 10
Which histopathologic pattern is most commonly seen in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF)?
Options:
A. Usual Interstitial Pneumonia (UIP)
B. Non-Specific Interstitial Pneumonia (NSIP)
C. Desquamative Interstitial Pneumonia (DIP)
D. Cryptogenic Organizing Pneumonia (COP)
Correct Answer:
A. Usual Interstitial Pneumonia (UIP)
Explanation:
UIP is the histopathologic hallmark of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, characterized by patchy fibrosis, fibroblast foci, and honeycombing.
Reference:
- Radiopaedia: Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis
“Usual interstitial pneumonia (UIP) is the pathologic pattern seen in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.”