Diagrams Histology

Overview of the Anatomy of the Lungs Large Airways and Small Airways
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Overview of the Histology of the Lungs from the Trachea to the Alveolus
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Histology of the terminal and respiratory bronchiole showing the cellular components of the mucosa including the ciliated cuboidal cells, cells, Clara cell and the neuroendocrine cells
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Histology of the respiratory bronchiole showing the cellular components of the mucosa including the ciliated cuboidal cells, cells, Clara cell and the neuroendocrine cells
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Histology of the terminal bronchiole showing the cellular components of the mucosa including the ciliated columnar cells, Clara cell and the neuroendocrine cells
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Cells of the Bronchioles
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Cells of the Bronchioles
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Histology of the Large and Medium Sized Airways
Airways are lined by a pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium interspersed with mucus secreting goblet cells
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As the medium sized airways progress to to the small airways they lose many of the goblet cells, become a simple epithelium and remain ciliated
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As the terminal bronchial transitions to the respiratory bronchial the mucosa becomes non ciliated and cuboidal
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At the level of the mebranous airways (respiratory bronchiole, alveolar duct, alveolar sac and alveoli, the mucosa becomes mostly a simple squamous epithelium
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Cells

Club Cell
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The Alveolus
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Cellular Makeup of the Normal Alveolus
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Macrophage
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Smokers Macrophage
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Alveolar Macrophages
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Simple cuboidal cell with reddish foamy and sometimes vacuolated cytoplasm
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Simple squamous epithelium with pale staining cytoplasm
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Diseases

Membranous airways (respiratory bronchiole, alveolar ducts, alveolar sacs)
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Pathophysiology of Cigarette Smoking on Medium Sized Airways
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Pathophysiology of Cigarette Smoking on Medium Sized Airways, Small Airways and Alveoli
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Smoking and the Alveolus –
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ARDS – Causes
The lung is injured either by direst causes most commonly pneumonia, aspiration or from inhalation of toxic substances. Severe systemic illnesses, most commonly sepsis with shock, and severe trauma are considered indirect causes.
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Early Events in the Pathophysiology of the ARDS
The initial injury results in an acute severe inflammatory response consisting hyperemia , edema with migration initially of neutrophils in the first 6-24 hours followed by monocytes (24-48hours). The intra -alveolar macrophages are activated.
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Result of Cellular Response
The cells of the immune system release cytokines, chemotactic agents and proteases. Immune cells , macrophages and fibroblasts are attracted to the interstitium. Some of proinflammatory agents are toxic to the cell lining causing damage to the surfactant, type 1 pneumocytes and the capillary endothelium. There is progressive edema.
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Hyaline Membrane
A hyaline membrane evolves covering the damaged surface of the alveolus. This impedes gas exchange
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Chronic Inflammation – The Basics
Ashley Davidoff MD TheCommonVein.net Chronic Inflammation – The Basics
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Basic Structure of Tubular Systems
key words art mucosa submucosa muscularis adventitia serosa histology tube colon small bowel lung bronchus bronchi esophagus stomach large bowel bile duct ureter tube principles        Ashley Davidoff TheCommonVein.net 32347
Mucosal Lesion
key words  mucosa submucosa muscularis adventitia serosa mucosal mass polyp neoplasm carcinoma acute angles with the lumen histopathology imaging diagnosis Ashley Davidoff TheCommonVein.net 32347d01
Submucosal Lesion
 key words mucosa submucosa muscularis adventitia serosa submucosal mass edema hemorrhage obtuse angles or right angle 90 degree ninety degree angle with the lumen histopathology imaging diagnosis 
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Submucosal Lesion
 key words mucosa submucosa muscularis adventitia serosa submucosal mass edema hemorrhage obtuse angles or right with the lumen histopathology imaging diagnosis Ashley Davidoff TheCommonVein.net 32347d03
Extrinsic Lesion
key words mucosa submucosa muscularis adventitia serosa submucosal mass edema hemorrhage neoplasm malignancy benign obtuse angles with the lumen histopathology imaging diagnosis
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Circumferential Lesion
key words mucosa submucosa muscularis adventitia serosa submucosal mass edema hemorrhage neoplasm malignancy benign obtuse angles with the lumen circumferential narrowing constriction obstruction histopathology imaging diagnosis
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